Among all known inorganic pollutants of wastewater and natural water, iron compounds are the most common that adversely affect water bodies, different living organisms and human beings. Before discharging the sewage into water bodies, it is important to remove iron ions from wastewater. The application of capillary materials in water and wastewater treatment is a promising direction of ecology and technology. The capillary properties of materials allows the development of quite simple, autonomous, highly efficient and energy-saving systems for water purification. The aim of the present paper is the investigation of the influence of the basic conditions of the filtration process with the application of capillary materia on the efficiency of iron ions removal. The initial concentration of the model solution, pH and temperature of the filtration process, as well as the contact area of the liquid phase with oxygen of the air were studied. The proposed method is appropriate for the treatment of water in the concentration range from 5 to 10 mg/dm3 with an optimum pH in the range of 4–7. Experimental data showed high efficiency of capillary materials application, providing sufficient removal of iron ions from low concentrated solutions, compared to the traditional method of precipitation. The main advantage of the capillary materials is the simplicity of application of the method, quite high degree of purification and there is no need to consumpt electricity as well as additional reagents, which allows to create autonomous water treatment facilities and plants.