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Possibility of Water Saving in Processing of Snack Pellets by the Application of Fresh Lucerne Sprouts: Selected Aspects and Nutritional Characteristics
 
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1
Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
 
2
Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
 
3
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
 
 
Corresponding author
Tomasz Oniszczuk   

Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, ul. Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
 
 
J. Ecol. Eng. 2023; 24(12):130-142
 
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ABSTRACT
New types of extruded snack pellets of wheat-corn blend base and fresh lucerne sprouts were devel-oped. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of fresh lucerne sprouts addition on the water consumption, processing efficiency and the specific mechanical energy during production of wheat-maize snack pellets. Additionally, the total phenolic content and antiradical activity, as well as the water absorption and water solubility indices in samples processed under variable processing conditions were tested. The extrusion-cooking of blends consisted of 10, 20 and 30% of lucerne sprouts was carried out using a single screw extruder at screw speeds of 60 and 100 rpm, and at moisture contents of 32, 34 and 36%. Replacement of wheat-corn flour blends by fresh lucerne sprouts at various levels (10, 20 and 30%) allowed to sufficient reduction of technological water which is needed in extrusion-cooking process of snacks pellets. The limitation of water was from 89 to 100% if fresh lucerne sprouts were used, depending on the recipe and dough moisture level tested. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity increased significantly due to lucerne sprouts addition. Furthermore, higher water absorption and water solubility index was noted if increased initial mois-ture content was applied during snack pellets processing. It can be concluded that fresh lucerne sprouts can be valuable additives allowing to save the technological water in production process and to obtain the nutritionally valuable supplemented wheat-corn-based snack pellets.
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