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The Treatment of Hospital Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Process – Analysis by Response Surface Methodology
 
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Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Babylon, Iraq
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Ahmed Salah Al-Shati   

Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Babylon, Iraq
 
 
J. Ecol. Eng. 2023; 24(1):260-276
 
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STRESZCZENIE
Electrocoagulation (EC) can be defined as a method utilized to remove pollutants from wastewater by applying an electric current to sacrificial electrodes. Many experimental variables like NaCl content (0–4 g/l), current density (5–25 mA/cm2), electrolysis time (30–90 mins), and pH (4–10) that influence the % removal efficiency regarding chemical oxygen demand (COD) were considered. In the presented research, three distinct configurations related to chemical electrodes Al-Al, Fe-Al, and Fe-Fe have been utilized to determine which was the most effective. The surface response design process depending on box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized for optimizing various operational parameters with regard to hospital wastewater treatment with the use of EC. Using a quadratic model, the % COD removal under various conditions was predicted, while their significance and interaction with independent factors have been evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Optimal conditions for maximum % COD removal were determined using statistical and mathematical approaches. Maximum COD removal (97.95%) was reached at Fe-Al electrodes, NaCl concentration-3.242 g/l, current density-24.701 mA/cm2, removal time-81.708 mins, and pH (7.4101). COD removal (91.37%) was also achieved at Al-Al electrodes, NaCl concentration-3.847 g/l, current density-23.503 mA/cm2, time-86.317 min, and pH 7.717. For the final case Fe-Fe electrodes obtained removal of COD (89.58%) at NaCl concentration-2.359 g/l, current density-24.65 mA/cm2, pH 8.525, and time-86.993 mins. This indicates that EC could remove pollutants from different types of industrial effluent and wastewaters under many operating parameters and with arrangements of electrodes, yet the process is more effective and the removal percentage is higher when using electrodes made from different metals.
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