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Use of Orange Peel (Citrus X sinensis) for Obtaining Essential Extract as a Natural Degreaser
 
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1
Departamento de Acuicultura y Pesca y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Acuicultura y Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Calle Gonzalo Loor Velasco, Bahía, Ecuador
 
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Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí, Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Calceta, Ecuador
 
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Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas, Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Km 15 vía Portoviejo-Santa Ana, Lodana, 131302, Ecuador
 
 
Corresponding author
María Belén Vinces Obando   

Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas, Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Km 15 vía Portoviejo-Santa Ana, Lodana, 131302, Ecuador
 
 
J. Ecol. Eng. 2024; 25(8):151-159
 
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ABSTRACT
The growth of industries encourages the increase of waste, and in turn the implementation of eco-friendly techniques and technologies for the treatment and use of them. The objective of the research was to take advantage of the epicarp of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck to obtain an essential extract and formulate a natural degreaser. A diagnosis was made on the production of organic waste by interviewing a company, resulting that, of the total amount of different fruits processed, half were waste without any type of use the essential extract was obtained with the technique of direct extraction to reflux and its quality was determined by measuring the parameters: pH, total solids, percentage of acidity, relative density, and determination of limonene. The essential extract (100-125-150 mL) and betaine (11-15%) were used as study factors and as substances not harmful to the environment for the formulation of the natural degreaser through a bifactorial design and ADEVA and Tukey test at 5% significance. The pH showed significant differences because of the interaction of essential extract*betaine. The use of 150 ml of orange extract and 15% of betaine (A2B1) obtained a greater detachment of lubricating grease, with a value of 2471 NTU and a pH of 5.46 values that were analyzed by spectrophotometry.
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