Wastewater Treatment Using Activated Carbon Produced From Oil Shale
			
	
 
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				1
				Renewable Energy Technology Department, Applied Science Private University, Al Arab Street, Amman 11931, Jordan
				 
			 
						
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				School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan
				 
			 
						
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				Department of Science and Technology, National University College of Technology, Hamad Awad Al-Huneiti Street, Amman 11592, Jordan
				 
			 
						
				4
				Attarat Um Ghudran, Wasfi Al Tal Street,  Amman 11822, Jordan
				 
			 
										
				
				
		
		 
			
			
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
							
					    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Corresponding author
    					    				    				
    					Mohammad Ahmad Hamdan   
    					Applied Science Private University. Renewable Energy Technology Department- Faculty of Engineering. Amman – Jordan
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
																						 
		
	 
		
 
 
J. Ecol. Eng. 2023; 24(2):131-139
		
 
 
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ABSTRACT
In recent years, many researchers have attracted interest in wastewater treatment using activated carbon produced from cheap raw materials.  In this work, an activated carbo-aluminosilicate (ACS) - supported zero-valent iron (ZVI) composite was produced from Um AL-Rasa oil shale mine and examined to eliminate Chromium (VI) from contaminated water.  Activation of raw oil shale fine particles ( < 212 μm) was chemically performed using 95 and 5% wt of H2SO4 and HNO3, respectively, as activating agents.  The activated material was further treated with caustic soda, named ACS, and modified with fine zero-valent iron particles < 212 μm), called ZVI/ACS composite. Kaolin was added to the composite with the ratio: (50 % wt. light kaolin: 50 % wt. ACS), named as ZVI/ACS/K.  The  XRD analysis for both composites confirmed iron dispersion at 45°. Adsorption experiments were carried out using the two adsorbents ZVI/ACS & ZVI/ACS/K under different values of pH, and adsorbent dosage.  The results indicated that the reduction of Chromium was maximum under the 3 pH value and 2.0 gm amount of  ZVI/ACS/K.  Furthermore, it was found the removal rate was eenhanced by 17% and 24.7% when ZVI/ACS & ZVI/ACS/K adsorbents were used respectively compared to that when only ACS adsorbent was used alone.  Finally, The dependency of Chromium removal on its initial concentration by ZVI/ACS/K adsorbent was also investigated at two different temperatures of 27℃  and 50℃.  The results indicated a  decrease in the removal rate of the Chromium as the concentration increased at 27℃ , however the removal rate previously enhanced at 50℃ at all initial concentrations.