Study of ciprofloxacin adsorption using activated carbon from compressed wood: Evaluation of performance and efficiency in pollutant removal
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Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Aljadria, Baghdad, 10071, Iraq
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Haider Abdulkareem Aljendeel
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Aljadria, Baghdad, 10071, Iraq
J. Ecol. Eng. 2025; 26(9)
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ABSTRACT
Adsorption processes have become promising methods to removal various emerging pollutants with friendly ecosystem side effects and low-cost features. Activated Carbon (AC) was a suitable choice due to the abundance of numerous effective precursors. This study deals with compressed wood precursor and KOH as activator agents that offer adsorption capacity of ciprofloxacin antibiotic (CIP) (qmax = 206 mg/g) which exceeds many precursors in literature and good characterization analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Different parameters affecting the process such as concentration, AC dose and contact time were all studied. Isotherm and kinetic models were investigated which fitted with Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo second order that describing the adsorption of CIP on AC. Also, fine regeneration results in using thermal methods even in three cycles with adsorption capacity (qe = 127.6 mg/g compared to 178.4 mg/g by first cycle) according to the same parameter.