ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BIODIESEL IN THE SOIL
1
Department of Microbiology and Environmental Microbiology, West Pomeranian University of Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
Publication date: 2015-11-03
J. Ecol. Eng. 2015; 16(5):34-39
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The paper analysed the toxic effect of the presence of biodiesel in the soil. The study involved tests with microorganisms that evaluated changes in their number and activity, and phytotoxicity tests with garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare). Biodiesel produced in laboratory conditions and biofuel purchased at a petrol station were introduced to the soil. Two levels of contamination were used – 1% and 5% (per dry mass of the soil). Based on the results, it was discovered that biofuels both stimulated and reduced the number and activity of microorganisms. The changes observed depended on the type of biofuel and, most often, on its dose. Laboratory biodiesel exhibited more toxic effects, especially for actinobacteria and fungi. The tested plants showed diverse sensitivity to the presence of biodiesel. Given the determined value of the germination index, laboratory biodiesel was more toxic to spring barley and commercial biofuel to garden cress. In both cases, toxicity increased with an increase in the amount of biofuel.
REFERENCES (41)
1.
Agbogidi O.M., Eruotor P.G., Akparobi S.O., Nnaji G.U. 2007. Evaluation of crude oil contaminated soil on the mineral nutrient elements of maize (Zea mays L.). J. Agronomy, 6(1), 188–193.
2.
Aluyor, E., Oboh I. Okieimen C. 2009. The effect of tertiary butyl hydroquinone on the biodegradability of palm olein. Leonardo El. J. Pract. Technol., 14, 47–56.
3.
Anderson J.P.E., Domsch K.H. 1978. A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem., 10, 215–221.
4.
Barbero P., Beltrami M., Baudo R., Rossi D., 2001. Assessment of Lake Orta sediments phytotoxicity after the liming treatment. J. Limnol., 60(2), 269–276.
5.
Bluhm K., Heger S., Seiler T.B., Hallare A.V., Scheafferb A., Hollert H. 2012. Toxicological and ecotoxicological potencies of biofuels used for the transport sector – a literature review. Energy Environ. Sci., 5, 7381–7392.
6.
Brohon B., Delolme C., Gourdon R. 2001. Complementarity of bioassays and microbial activity measurements for the evaluation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils quality. Soil Biol. Biochem., 33, 883–891.
7.
Bünger J., Krahl J., Baum K., Schröder O., Müller M., Westphal G., Ruhnau P., Schulz T.G., Hallier E., 2000. Cytotoxic and mutagenic effects, particle size and concentration analysis of diesel engine emission using biodiesel and petrol diesel as fuel. Arch. Toxicol., 74, 490–498.
8.
Bunt J.S., Rovira A.D. 1955. Microbiological studies of some subantarctic soil. J. Soil Sci., 6(1), 119–128.
9.
Cyganov V.A., Žukov R.A. 1964. Morfologobiochimiciskie osobennosti novowo vida actionomiceta. Mikrobiologija, 33(5), 863-869.
10.
da Cruz A.C., Leite M.B., Rodrigues L.E., Nascimento I.A. 2012. Estimation of biodiesel cytotoxicity by using acid phosphatase as a biomarker of lysosomal integrity. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol., 89(2),219-24.
11.
Fernando S., Hall Ch., Jha S. 2006. NOx reduction from biodiesel fuels. Energy Fuels, 20(1), 376–382.
12.
Gil-Sotres F., Trasar-Cepeda C., Leiros M.C., Seoane S. 2005. Different approaches to evaluating soil quality using biochemical properties. Soil Biol. Biochem., 37, 877–887.
13.
Hawrot-Paw M. 2011. Biologiczna aktywność gleb zanieczyszczonych biodieslem oraz możliwości ich rekultywacji. Wyd. Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, Szczecin.
14.
Hawrot-Paw M., Kamieniecka A, Smolik B. 2010. Biological activity of soil contaminated with biodiesel. Environ. Protect. Eng., 36(3), 87–93.
15.
Hawrot-Paw M., Martynus M. 2011. The influence of diesel fuel and biodiesel on soils microbial biomass. Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 20(2), 503–507.
16.
Head I.M., Swannell R.P.J. 1999. Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in marine habitats. Curr. Op. Biotech., 10, 234–239.
17.
Kołwzan B. 2005. Bioremediacja gleb skażonych produktami naftowymi wraz z oceną ekotoksy-kologiczną. Wrocław, Oficyna Wydawn. Politechniki Wrocławskiej.
18.
Khan N., Warith M.A., Luk G., 2007. A comparison of acute toxicity of biodiesel, biodiesel blends, and diesel on aquatic organisms. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc., 57, 286–296.
19.
Kooter I.M., van Vught M.A.T.M., Jedynska A.D., Tromp P.C., Houtzager M.M.G., Verbeek R.P., Kadijk G., Mulderij M., Krul C.A.M.20111. Toxicological characterization of diesel engine emissions using biodiesel and a closed soot filter. Atmos. Environ., 5, 1574–1580.
20.
Kruszewski B., Fąfara P., Ratusz K., Obiedziński M. 2013. Ocena pojemności przeciwutleniającej i stabilności oksydacyjnej wybranych olejów roślinnych. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 572, 43–52.
21.
Lapinskiene A., Martinkus P., Rebzdaite V. 2006. Eco-toxicological studies of diesel and biodiesel fuels in aerated soil. Environ. Pollut., 142, 432–437.
22.
Leite M.B., de Araújo M.M., Nascimento I.A., da Cruz A.C., Pereira S.A., do Nascimento N.C. 2011. Toxicity of water-soluble fractions of biodiesel fuels derived from castor oil, palm oil, and waste cooking oil. Environ Toxicol Chem., 30(4), 893–897.
23.
Liu Y.Y., Lin T.C., Wang Y.J., Ho, W.L. 2009. Carbonyl compounds and toxicity assessments of emissions from a diesel engine running on biodiesels. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 59, 163–171.
24.
Maila M.P., Cleote T.E. 2002. Germination of Lepidium sativum as a method to evaluate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) removal from contaminated soil. Int. Biodeter. Biodegrad., 50, 107–113.
25.
Martin J.P. 1950. Use of acid rose bengale and streptomycin in the plate method for estimating soil fungi. Soil Sci., 6, 215–233.
26.
Merkl N., Schultze-Kraft R., Infante C. 2005. Phytoremediation in the tropics – influence of heavy crude oil on root morphological characteristic of graminoids. Environ. Pollut., 138(1), 86–91.
27.
Murugesan A., Umarani C., Subramanian R., Nedunchezhian N. 2009. Bio-diesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines – A review. Ren. Sust. Energy Rev., 13, 653–662.
29.
Peterson C., Reece D., 1994. Toxicology, biodegradability and environmental benefits of biodiesel. Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Idaho.
30.
Ramadhas A.S., Muraleedharan C., Jayaraj S. 2005. Performance and emission evaluation of a diesel engine fueled with methyl esters of rubber seed oil. Renew. Energ., 30(12), 1789–1800.
31.
Russel S., 2005. Znaczenie badań enzymów w środowisku glebowym. Acta Agrophysica, Rozpr. Monogr., 3, 5–9.
32.
Serrano A., Tejada M., Gallego M., Gonzalez J.L. 2009. Evaluation of soil biological activity after a diesel fuel spill. Sci. Total Environ., 407, 4056–4061.
33.
Siddiqui S., Adams W.A. 2002. The fate of diesel hydrocarbons in soils and their effect on the germination of perennial ryegrass. Environ. Toxicol., 17, 49–62.
34.
Tamada I.S, Montagnolli R.N., Lopes P.R.M., Bidoia E.D. 2012. Toxicological evaluation of vegetable oils and biodiesel in soil during the biodegradation process. Braz. J. Microbiol., 43(4), 1576–1581.
35.
Tejada M., Gonzalez J.L., Hernandez M.T., Garcia C. 2008. Application of different organic amendments in a gasoline contaminated soil: effect on soil microbial properties. Biores. Technol., 99(8), 2872–2880.
36.
Tseng H.-H., Tseng T.-Ch. 1995. Effects of butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and tertiary butylhydroquinone on growth and luteoskyrin production by Penicillium islandicum. Mycopathologia, 129, 73–78.
37.
Usta N. 2005. An experimental study on performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine fuelled with tobacco seed oil methyl ester. Energ. Convers. Manag., 46(15-16), 2373–2386.
38.
Wiley R.C. 1994. Minimally processed refrigerated fruits and vegetables. New York, Chapman & Hall.
39.
Winding A., Hund-Rinke K., Rutgers M. 2005. The use of microorganisms in ecological soil classification and assessment concept. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 62, 230–248.
40.
Włodkowic D., Tomaszewska B., 2003. Testy fitotoksyczności zanieczyszczeń ropopochodnych dla rzepaku (Brassica napus) i lucerny (Medicago sativa) w aspekcie potencjalnych zastosowań w fitoremediacji i biomonitoringu. IHAR, 24, 231–238.
41.
Wyszkowska J., Kucharski J. 2000. Biochemical properties of soil contaminated by petrol. Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 9(6), 479–485.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
