This study aimed to identify and compare the impact of production factors on the total ecological and economic efficiency of the potato land-use type in the two regions Primorsky Kray, Russia and Red River Delta, Vietnam using the Cobb-Douglas production function. The result of data analysis for the period of 2016 - 2019 showed that the contribution coefficient of factors such as initial investment, labor cost, expenses of machinery and equipment, and amounts of pesticides and fertilizers used for potato farming per hectare to the total ecological and economic efficiency of the potato land-use type in Primorsky was higher than in the Red River Delta. The results also show that the amounts of pesticides and fertilizers in the Red River Delta were used more than in Primorsky; therefore, they present a higher influence on the total ecological and economic efficiency. Based on the analysis of the impact of each factor, this study has proposed solutions to enhance the influence of the factors that have a proportional effect and minimize the influence of factors that have an inversely proportional effect on the economic-environmental efficiency of potato land use in each study area