Domestic wastewater treatment using modified tripikon-S with pumice filters as support media
			
	
 
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				1
				Doctoral Program of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha No.10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
				 
			 
						
				2
				Institut Teknologi Nasional, Department of Environmental Engineering, Jalan PHH Mustofa No.23, Bandung, 40124, Indonesia
				 
			 
										
				
				
		
		 
			
			
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
							
					    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Corresponding author
    					    				    				
    					Nico  Halomoan   
    					Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha No.10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
																																 
		
	 
		
 
 
J. Ecol. Eng. 2025; 26(9):144-156
		
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Research on tripikon-S has been conducted to reduce organics and nutrients in domestic wastewater. This study aims to analyze the performance of modified tripikon-S with the addition of pumice as a support media in domestic wastewater treatment. The tripikon-S used is a modification of three pipes of different sizes arranged concentrically. In the middle pipe, aerobic processes occur, the central section serves as a flow path, and the lower section is where anaerobic processes take place. Two tripikon-S units were tested between reactors with and without pumice stone, operated in batch mode with a retention time (td) of 2 days. The results showed that pumice has the ability to attach microorganisms. This can be analyzed based on the results of the SEM test which shows changes in the biofilm surface until the seeding ends. In addition, the attached VSS formed was 2,817 mg / L. This value indicates that biofilm formed on pumice has entered the maturation phase and continued by running using artificial wastewater with concentration variations. Variations in treatment with COD concentrations of 500 mg/L, 750 mg/L, and 1000 mg/L resulted in COD removal in the reactor with pumice stone > 85%, TN > 48%, and TP > 67%. This shows that the modification of tripikon-s with pumice supporting media is able to reduce organics and nutrients in wastewater. This result is reinforced by the identification of microorganisms using Oxford Nanopore Technology, where in this study identified microorganisms that are able to degrade organic and nutrients in wastewater. So, this system should be considered as an alternative to domestic wastewater treatment, especially in suburban areas.