Sunflower production efficiency can be limited by suboptimal irrigation, planting, and fertilization practices, which may lead to uneven water distribution, poor nutrient availability, and reduced yields. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the performance of a locally developed integrated irrigation–planting–fertilization system and its effects on some soil properties and sunflower yield. The study employed two factors: the first was the irrigation–planting–fertilization system with three levels, namely subsurface drip irrigation with a continuous seed-and-fertilizer strip (F), subsurface drip irrigation with an intermittent seed-and-fertilizer strip (S), and the traditional planting and fertilization system (C). The second factor was the type of subsurface drip irrigation tube at three levels, which were the Gr tube, the T-Tape tube, and the porous tube. Soil moisture content, moisture uniformity coefficient, soil penetration resistance, and sunflower yield were measured in this experiment. A nested design under a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, and the least significant difference (LSD = 0.05) at a probability level of 0.05 was applied to compare the treatment means. The results showed the following: The subsurface drip irrigation system with a continuous seed-and-fertilizer strip (F) outperformed the other treatments by achieving the highest plant height of 176.8 cm and the highest yield of 6.60 t/ha. There were no significant differences in the effects of this system on the moisture uniformity coefficient, soil penetration resistance, and soil moisture content compared with the intermittent-strip system and the traditional planting system. Regarding the irrigation tube treatments, the GR tube gave the highest soil moisture content of 28.76%, the highest moisture uniformity coefficient of 83.29%, the lowest soil penetration resistance of 1100 kg/cm², the highest plant height of 179.1 cm, and the highest yield of 6.90 t/ha compared with the treatments that used the T-Tape and porous tubes. As for the interaction between the irrigation–planting–fertilization systems and the irrigation tube treatments, the combination of the F system with the Gr tube outperformed the others by giving the highest soil moisture content of 29.21%, the highest plant height of 190.0 cm, and the highest yield of 8.30 t/ha, with no significant differences for this interaction in the moisture uniformity coefficient and soil penetration resistance.