Over 12 years, a comprehensive assessment was conducted on the effectiveness of systematic intermediate green manuring using oilseed radish, considering its impact both on the fractional composition of soil and on the main indicators of its structural-aggregate composition, with an evaluation of the potential formation of soil degradation resistance through the assessment of several identification parameters for the 0–30 cm soil layer. A wide range of methods and integrated criteria recommended by global practice for studying the agrophysical properties of soils were used to obtain the data. It was established that oilseed radish, producing a total green manure biomass of 24.01 t ha⁻¹ (4.02 t ha⁻¹ in dry matter), provides a level of bio-organic fertilization equivalent to 14.41 t ha⁻¹ of cattle manure. The application of this green manure allowed optimization of the complex of aggregate-structural soil parameters according to the following criteria: an integrated increase of 6.51% in the complex of agronomically valuable soil aggregate fractions (water-regulating, anti-deflationary, water-stable); stabilization and optimization of soil structure according to the Soil Stability Index (SSI), Stable Aggregates Index (SAI), Stable Macroaggregates Index (SMaI), and coefficient of structurality (Cs), with a resultant growth index of 1.44 compared to the control variant without green manure. A general reduction was achieved in the variability component of the ranking of morphometric parameters of soil aggregates, their fractal dimension, the length criterion of soil structural aggregates (D), and the proportion of aggregate destruction (PAD), with reduction indices of 1.13, 1.04, 1.70, and 1.13, respectively. Under these conditions, the effective impact of green manuring was found to be optimally combined with the observed increase in soil phytotoxicity, with an acceptable frequency of systematic oilseed radish green manure application on the same field not exceeding once every two years.