In this study we determined the influence of the type of spoil material (clayey and sandy) used in the reclamation process on the course of soil-forming processes as well as on the physical and chemical properties of the developing soils. The study covered 16 reclaimed sites located on the spoil heaps of the “Górażdże” limestone mine and three reference sites representing forest soils. The physical and chemical soil parameters such as: granulometric composition, pH in KCl, calcium carbonate content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were determined in accordance with applicable standards and accepted soil science methodology. It was demonstrated that the application spoil material with a clayey granulometric composition promotes the formation of soils with a high nutrient storage capacity, and thus a high potential fertility. Additionally, the elevated calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) content contributes to the development of a stable, near-neutral pH, which is expected to enhance the soils' resistance to acidification over time.