The article examines the impact of hydropower on channel processes and landscape changes of the Middle Dniester within the canyon section. Both positive aspects of hydropower development are analyzed, in particular its role as a renewable energy source and a tool for water resource regulation, as well as negative consequences associated with the transformation of the natural environment. The research methodology is based on the integrated use of cartographic materials from different time periods (two-verst maps of the early 20th century, General Staff maps of the second half of the 20th century) and modern satellite imagery. Methods of geospatial analysis were applied, including georeferencing, vectorization, and comparison of changes in the water surface area, tributary lengths, and transformation of riparian territories. The results reveal a significant increase in the water surface area of the Dniester as a result of reservoir creation: more than twice compared to its natural state according to mid-20th century maps and approximately five times according to modern data. Substantial changes in the morphometric characteristics of tributaries were identified, including their shortening and transformation into bays of various configurations. Changes in riparian areas were also analyzed, including flooding, partial destruction, and relocation of settlements, which led to further landscape and socio-economic transformations. It is shown that hydropower facilities significantly affect the hydrological regime, channel morphology, and river ecosystems. The obtained results emphasize the necessity of an integrated approach to hydropower planning and development, taking into account environmental constraints, preservation of natural and cultural heritage, and ensuring sustainable use of water resources.