In modern agriculture, the importance of environmentally safe technologies that promote sustainable farming and minimize negative environmental impact is growing. This study investigates the effectiveness of biological preparations in soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivation technology, a key crop due to its high protein content and ability to improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. Particular attention was paid to the inoculant Rhizogumin, which contains effective microorganisms that enhance the physiological state of plants. Field experiments were conducted from 2022 to 2024 in the field of the North-East Research Institute of Agriculture in the Sumy region of Ukraine. The experiment was two-factorial, involving the application of inoculation and foliar treatments. The obtained results demonstrated that pre-sowing seed treatment with Rhizogumin significantly increased the number and mass of nodules on soybean roots at all developmental stages, indicating successful intensification of symbiotic activity. The best nodulation indicators were observed in variants with pre-sowing inoculation, especially when combined with complex foliar treatments. This approach also positively influenced the formation of soybean yield structure components, particularly increasing the number of pods and seeds per plant, confirming the synergistic effect of the complex treatment. The study emphasizes that while inoculation and foliar treatments significantly improve key physiological indicators and soybean productivity components, the effectiveness of their impact on yield can be negated by abiotic stresses. These findings highlight the need for further research into the interaction of biological preparations with soybean varietal characteristics under changing climatic conditions, as well as the development of integrated strategies aimed at minimizing the impact of stress factors to ensure consistently high yields.