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The mineral content of fish muscles as an indicator of water quality in Baltic and Scandinavian areas
 
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Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa w Białej Podlaskiej
 
 
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Iwona Teresa Mystkowska   

Państwowa Szkoła Wyższa w Białej Podlaskiej
 
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Fish are an important part of the diet of people living in Baltic and Scandinavian countries, providing valuable nutrients, including minerals. The levels of metals detected in the muscle suggest that these fish are capable of concentrating and bioaccumu lating metals in their bodies from the aquatic en vironment. The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of selected micro- and macroelements in the muscles of five fish species: herring (Clupea harengus L.), wolffish (Anarhichas L.), salmon (Salmo salar L.), cod (Gadidae L.), mackerel (Scomber L.) from the Baltic Sea and Scandinavian regions. The analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results showed significant differences in element content between fish from both regions. Higher concentrations of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and iron were found in fish from the Baltic Sea region, while higher levels of zinc were observed in some species from Scandinavian waters. The levels of toxic metals were below the permissible standards, indicating no risk to consumer health. Differences in the mineral composition of fish may reflect both diverse environmental conditions and biological factors such as species affiliation. Due to the observed diversity and increasing anthropogenic pressure on aquatic ecosystems, it is advisable to continue monitoring elements in fish as potential indicators of aquatic environmental quality.
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