Use of Intermediate Crops to Increase Productivity of Irrigated Arable Land in Southeastern Kazakhstan
			
	
 
Więcej
Ukryj
	
	
									
				1
				Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Abay Avenue, 8, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan
				 
			 
						
				2
				Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Faravi Avenue, 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
				 
			 
										
				
				
		
		 
			
			
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
							
																																			    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Autor do korespondencji
    					    				    				
    					Adil  Kusmangazinov   
    					Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Faravi Avenue, 71, Almaty, 050038, Kazakhstan
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
							 
		
	 
		
 
 
J. Ecol. Eng. 2024; 25(1):217-228
		
 
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
The results of the study open up fundamentally new areas of intensive use of irrigated land in the southern and south-eastern Kazakhstan, ensuring harvest of two crops per year. For the first time, a technology for creating a green conveyor based on the bioclimatic potential of the growing area has been developed. By taking into account agro-climatic conditions we determined climatic requirements of plants suitable for harvesting two crops per year. The aim of the research was to increase productivity of irrigated land, by using intermediate crops to produce two harvests per year and to create a green conveyor to provide the livestock industry with highly nutritious green fodder. The research was carried out at the experimental and production station of the research, production, and educational center of Bayserke-Agro LLP of the Talgar district of the Almaty region, on light chestnut soils. The main crops, winter rapeseed and triticale, grew since early spring. In the phase of full flowering, rapeseed accumulated 6,760 g of green biomass per m2, and in the phase of grain setting, winter triticale accumulated 6,480 g of green biomass per m2. In the rapeseed flowering phase, the yield of green biomass reached 676 centners per hectare, and that of triticale, 648 centners per hectare. The yield of the ripe rapeseed grain was 25.2 centners per hectare, and that of triticale, 63.8 centners per hectare. The intermediate crop, corn for grain, can complete its vegetation after harvesting rapeseed and triticale for green biomass.  An additional grain crop amounts to 73.0 centners per hectare, and an additional green biomass yield for silage, to 720 centners per hectare. By sowing intermediate crops, it is possible to harvest larger amounts of fodder from irrigated arable land. In the option without intermediate crops, the total harvest of feed units was 67.9 centners per hectare, and in the option with sowing corn as an intermediate crop for silage and grain. The results showed that the highest net income of 143.8-160.8 thousand tenge per hectare and the profitability level of 89.8-97.5% were obtained when sowing intermediate crops after harvesting winter rapeseed and triticale.