Mineral processing enhances ore value by removing gangue material, making metal extraction cost-effective. A rapid and convenient method was developed for the extraction of Cu+2, Mn+2 and Fe+2 using functionalized magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) obtained by coating graphene oxide (GO) with magnetic particles and modified with tannic acid (TA) and chitosan (Chi). The physical and chemical properties of magnetic nanocomposite (MGO- TA/Chi) were analyzed using various techniques, including UV/vis, FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and VSM. Atomic absorption and UV/vis spectroscopy were used to investigate the effective extraction of Mn+2, Cu+2, and Fe+2. The adsorption performance data of MGO- TA/Chi under optimized conditions was evaluated through kinetic modeling. The maximum adsorption capabilities for Cu+2, Mn+2, and Fe+2 were observed at pH=5 from pregnant leached solution. With a magnetization value of 0.34 emu/g, the MGO-TA/Chi showed a significant attraction to an external magnetic field which enabled analyte separation easier. The synthesized magnetic nanocomposite showed 90.17, 87.23, and 85.24% adsorption for Cu+2, Mn+2, and Fe+2, respectively. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, following the Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The findings demonstrate that TA/Chi-MGO is an effective adsorbent for the extraction of transition metal ions from leached solutions and could facilitate further in metallurgical processes.